How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a symptom only of children, but it can affect adults too. Diagnosed and treated for ADHD an individual can live a better life.
An evaluation for ADHD could involve a conversation with the person and family members. The specialist might review old school records to determine whether the symptoms started in the early years of childhood.
Symptoms
Everyone has trouble concentrating and staying well-organized from time to time however, for those who has ADHD this can cause problems with work, school and home life. A person must show major symptoms in two of these areas, and have a significant impact on everyday functioning to be deemed to have ADHD. The symptoms must have also been present for at least six months.
To determine a diagnosis, doctors will speak with the patient about their symptoms and ask about their family history and medical problems. They can also utilize rating scales that measure a adult's or a child's symptoms. adhd diagnosis in adults uk are based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about symptoms such as hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity.
Adults may be asked to speak with their spouse or someone they know well. This isn't to question honesty, but to gain a better understanding of a person's behavior that can't be gathered from an interview. They may also ask about their childhood behavior and consult old school records to see whether the symptoms began before the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will perform an extensive physical exam and run tests in order to rule other ailments for thyroid issues or head injuries that could trigger similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the person's list of medications. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and certain medications prescribed for depression, high-blood pressure, and other conditions. It is crucial that adults speak to their primary healthcare providers when they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
For a person to be diagnosed with ADHD symptoms must manifest in more than one setting (like home, school and at work) and seriously hinder functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and cannot be caused by another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
A doctor or mental health professional will use a variety of tools during the assessment that include ADHD symptoms checklists and standardized scales for assessing behavior and a detailed medical history. They can also speak with family members or friends to learn how the symptoms have affected them. They will ask whether the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of other mental health conditions or physical ailments.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are serious or mild. They will also review the person's medical history as well as family history to determine if there is no underlying reason for their symptoms, such as thyroid disorders or head injuries, or medications.
In certain instances the examiner may decide to conduct a cognitive test or request that the person undergo an imaging test in order to determine the cause of their symptoms such as learning disabilities. These people often present differently than those without these problems. For instance, boys tend to have hyperactive symptoms while girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
Some people with ADHD would like to participate in an experiment in order to test new treatments. While this is an excellent opportunity to contribute to further research, it is crucial for participants to know that the main purpose of these studies is to increase scientific knowledge and do not necessarily guarantee that they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more details about clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect you have ADHD Find a doctor who is trained to identify the disorder. Check with your health insurance provider whether ADHD specialists are covered. You can also ask family doctors or other health professionals for referrals. Word-of mouth recommendations are also a good alternative.
A doctor will inquire with the patient - or parents in the case of children - about their issues. She may use standardized checklists or ADHD symptoms, and may also ask other people in the patient's life for information like their spouses and families. Personal insight can reveal more than can be gleaned from questionnaires.
Experts will also examine any documents from the past, and especially old reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is usually based on the history of an individual. To be diagnosed, symptoms must have existed from the age of a child (technically prior to the age of 12).
A physical exam is typically performed. It's also a way to check for any other medical issues which could be causing symptoms, such seizures or thyroid issues. A neurological exam is usually carried out by an expert to test the coordination and motor control. Psychological tests that test the ability to think and be smart could be used. Additionally one could be asked to perform simple computer tasks that test attention and memory. This can help the expert determine if a person is hyperactive, inattentive or impulsive. The specialist will determine the treatment plan and provide a diagnosis. Treatment plans typically consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping skills and change unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is usually performed by a primary care physician, or a mental health professional who is specialized in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people suffering from ADHD get better by taking medication. However this isn't the only way to treat the condition. Children, teenagers and adults can also benefit from behavioral therapy, psychotherapy or any combination of the two. These therapies help them cope with their ADHD symptoms and learn to manage these symptoms. Psychoeducation, or education on ADHD and ways to manage it, can be included. They can involve teachers, family members, and other professionals.
It's important to find a medical professional or mental health professional who has previous experience treating ADHD. You can ask other people who suffer from ADHD for recommendations or a mental healthcare provider you've met. You can also do an online search. It's important to find a doctor who is familiar with your insurance.
To determine if your child has ADHD, the health professional will inquire about your your child's symptoms and issues caused by them. They will perform physical examinations and check for any other health issues that may cause similar symptoms. They will go over the medical and family history of you or your child and also school records and other reports.
The process of diagnosing ADHD in adults can be more difficult because the Symptom Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are primarily geared towards diagnosing children. Your health care provider may interview you or your children about the symptoms and ask other people who spend lots of time with them fill out checklists and questionnaires. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The medications used to treat ADHD include stimulants like methylphenidate and Lisdexamfetamine, and nonstimulants like atomoxetine, or other antidepressants. They help by increasing levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people suffering from ADHD have co-occurring disorders like depression or anxiety. For this reason, treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches abilities like time and task management, emotional self-regulation and impulse control.
Therapists can also help patients learn to manage their symptoms through lifestyle modifications. Regular exercise can help decrease hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is essential too. People suffering from ADHD tend to consume more sugar and fat, and less fruits and vegetables. Making social and family relationships priority can help reduce stress and make individuals feel more in control of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can aid adults and children to comprehend their difficulties. For instance, a child with ADHD may have trouble communicating their demands to peers and teachers, but when a teacher realizes that it's not personal or due to inattention accommodations can be provided.
A professional doing an ADHD assessment will ask questions specific to the person's age, interview teachers and family members, review medical records, and check for comorbid conditions. If ADHD symptoms began before the age of adulthood, school records can be helpful for adults.
The specialist will also check for any hearing or vision problems. He or she might also conduct an examination of the blood to determine the presence of certain hormones, and other health conditions that can cause symptoms and signs of ADHD.